Skip to Content
Skip to Content

Preparation Program Approval

Learn more about how Colorado is performing on Preparation Program Approval in the Elementary Reading policy area.
Go to a policy lever Licensure Tests High-Quality Instructional Materials Preparation Program Approval Professional Learning Teacher Preparation Standards
Select a state Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming

Colorado’s Performance

Strong
NCTQ evaluates whether states effectively use this policy lever by examining whether they require inclusion of reading experts in instructional reviews, whether they review course syllabi as part of the program renewal process, use of pass rate data in program approval, and whether they maintain control of the program approval process. Explore the key actions below to learn more about how Colorado is implementing Preparation Program Approval policies to improve Elementary Reading.

Why does this matter?

Without detailed reviews, states cannot guarantee programs are adequately preparing teachers to teach reading. Clear evidence from teacher surveys1 and NCTQ’s Teacher Prep Review demonstrates that prep programs are not teaching aspiring elementary teachers about scientifically based reading instruction. Since programs have to be approved by states in order to operate, states should leverage their full authority to verify that policies are carried out in practice.

Why does Colorado stand out?

Colorado maintains full authority over its teacher preparation program approval process. As part of the program renewal process, the state reviews syllabi for reading courses to ensure integration of all reading standards and the science of reading. Additionally, reading specialists and experts are included in the review of reading instruction.

Colorado, which revamped its program review process in 2016 with the introduction of new literacy standards, discovered that under its approval structure, program review had only two possible end points: approval or probation. Putting a program on probation prevents that program from enrolling new candidates, making it an unpalatable option. Instead, the Colorado Department of Education (CDE) worked with the state board of education to create a new category, conditional reauthorization, which they codified in policy. Conditionally approved programs received a list of specific changes to make within one year. If they did so, they could be recommended for full approval.

Between 2018 and 2023, the CDE conducted 23 reauthorization site visits with programs that have scientifically based reading standards in one or more endorsement areas (elementary, early childhood, special education). Seven programs were subsequently put on conditional reauthorization to address a need for deeper content for and understanding of SBRI for their candidates. Evidence from NCTQ’s 2023 Teacher Prep Review: Reading Foundations report found that after only a few years, Colorado programs are now among the best in the country for teaching SBRI, with almost no evidence of contrary practices.

What are the key actions Colorado should take?

  • See what these states are doing in this policy area:

    Key Resources

    State of the States 2024: Elementary Reading

    Explore five policy actions states can take to strengthen implementation of the science of reading.

    State Reading Policy Action Guide

    Discover how states can implement and sustain strong reading instruction.

    Teacher Prep Review: Reading Foundations

    Learn more about how over 700 elementary teacher preparation programs are preparing educators to teach reading.

    More than just words: 7 Approaches to monitoring the implementation of reading laws

    Dive into how states are turning policy into practice.

    References
    1. EdWeek Research Center. (2020). Early reading instruction: Results of a national survey of K-2 and elementary special education teachers and postsecondary instructors. Washington, DC: Education Week. https://www.edweek.org/research-center/research-center-reports/early-reading-instruction-results-of-a-national-survey